Embracing Learner Variability
In every classroom, students bring unique experiences, strengths, and challenges. They differ in how they engage with learning, construct meaning, and express what they learn. In the context of Universal Design for Learning (UDL), this is what we refer to as “learner variability.” Recognizing there is no one-size-fits-all approach to teaching, the UDL framework provides a way to design learning experiences that are flexible and adaptable to meet the diverse experiences, strengths, and challenges of students.
Why Does Learner Variability Matter?
Research shows that each human brain is as unique as a fingerprint. Factors like genetics and life experiences shape how individuals learn, and these differences continue to evolve throughout life. Teaching methods that assume all students learn the same way often leave some students disengaged. UDL-based instruction designed with flexibility in mind can help address the natural variability among learners. This is backed up by several studies that show UDL-based strategies increase student engagement and improve academic achievement. By recognizing learner variability, we can better engage students and improve outcomes for all learners.
Practical Strategies for College-Level Instructors
Here are a few UDL strategies to incorporate learner variability into your teaching:
- Offer Multiple Means of Engagement: Not all students engage with material in the same way. Some prefer active discussions, while others might need time to reflect individually. Consider providing different ways to engage, like offering both synchronous and asynchronous discussion options.
- Present Content in Multiple Formats: Use diverse media to present material. Combine readings, videos, infographics, and hands-on activities where appropriate. This allows students to choose formats that align with their strengths.
- Provide Flexible Assessment Options: Assessments don’t have to be one-size-fits-all either. While exams might work for some, other students might excel with projects, presentations, or portfolios. Allowing students to demonstrate learning in different ways can improve engagement and outcomes.
- Encourage Reflection and Goal Setting: Help students take ownership of their learning by incorporating opportunities for reflection. Encourage them to set learning goals and monitor their progress throughout the course, fostering a sense of agency and self-direction.
Final Thoughts
By embracing learner variability and incorporating UDL strategies, you can create an inclusive and supportive learning environment that fosters success for all students. However, it is important to remember that while Universal Design for Learning (UDL) strategies optimize the learning experiences for students by recognizing learner variability and reducing barriers to learning, UDL does not replace the need for individualized accommodations, assistive technologies, and supports that remain essential for ensuring students receive equitable opportunities tailored to their unique learning needs. In short, both strategies are essential for inclusive education.
For Further Reading
Capp, M.J. (2017). The effectiveness of universal design for learning: A meta-analysis of literature between 2013 and 2016. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 21(8), 791-807.
Ok, M. W., Rao, K., Bryant, B. R., & McDougall, D. (2017). Universal Design for Learning in pre-k to grade 12 classrooms: A systematic review of research. Exceptionality, 25(2), 116-138.
Pape, B. (2018). Learner variability is the rule, not the exception. Washington, DC: Digital Promise Global. Retrieved from https://digitalpromise.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Learner-Variability-Is-The-Rule.pdf